1902, l'autre Notre-Dame
« Tout ce qui dépassait de 3 mètres de
hauteur est rasé. Tous les murs Est-Ouest, dans le quartier du Mouillage, sont
rasés. Ceux qui restent tiennent à peine. La deuxième tour de la cathédrale est
tombée… ». Dans ces « Notes d’un reporter », le journaliste Jean
Hess, dresse ainsi, sur le vif, le portrait d’une ville en cours de combustion.
Saint-Pierre de la Martinique La cathédrale Vue prise le Dimanche avant la catastrophe |
117 ans avant Notre-Dame de Paris
et sa carrure taillée dans l’art gothique, la cathédrale de Saint-Pierre connut
aussi son lot de calamités dont la typologie et les effets destructeurs,
-incendie, fonte des cloches en bronze, chute d’une partie de la façade- ne
sont pas sans rappeler à l’identique - les victimes en plus - le spectacle de
désolation parisien du 15 avril 2019. D’ailleurs, à propos de dates, soyons
précis concernant Saint-Pierre et les événements de 1902. La première éruption
a lieu le 8 mai au matin. Dans la ville détruite en quelques secondes, la
cathédrale prend feu, condamnant à la mort des fidèles venus prier à
l’intérieur. Une réplique survient le 20 mai, causant des dommages
supplémentaires à la façade, relativement épargnée 12 jours plus tôt.
Les ruines de la cathédrale |
L’histoire n’étant qu’un éternel
éternuement, notons également que l’idée, conçue par le président Macron, de
faire appel au génie d’un militaire (à ne pas confondre avec le génie militaire en tant que techniques et savoir-faire) pour superviser les travaux de reconstruction de
Notre-Dame, ne relève pas non plus de l’inédit. En 1853, lorsque, sous
l’impulsion de Mgr Le Herpeur, premier évêque de la Martinique, furent lancés l’extension
et l’agrandissement de l’église du Mouillage appelée à devenir, après ces travaux,
la première cathédrale d’envergure de la Martinique, le gouverneur de la
colonie Louis Henri de Gueydon, requit un officier supérieur, l'ingénieur Scheffler,
chef de bataillon du Génie de la colonie de Martinique, de prendre en main les
opérations…
117 ans après, revivez
ces événements en direct dans Manioc au travers des ouvrages suivants :
- La catastrophe de la Martinique : notes d'un reporter, de Jean Hess, [S.l.] : Charpentier et Fasquelle, 1902 (notamment pp. 45, 126, 257, 282)
- La Montagne Pelée et l'effroyable destruction de Saint-Pierre (Martinique) le 8 mai 1902 : le brusque réveil du volcan en 1929, de Philémon Césaire, Paris : Impressions Printory et Georges Courville, Libraire, 1930.
- La Martinique depuis sa découverte jusqu'à nos jours, de Jean-Marie Pardon, Paris : Challamel Ainé, 1877.
- Saint-Pierre-Martinique 1635-1902 : Annales des Antilles françaises - Journal et album de la Martinique, naissance, vie et mort de la cité créole - livre d'or de la charité, par Charles Lambolez, [S.l.] : Berger-Levrault, 1905.
P.O.A.
The architectural heritage requires an appropriate reconstruction after so many years. The old church building has taken a devastating change.
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